課程內(nèi)容

《The United Kingdom（Part 3）》
Learning goals:
1.to learn the directions of The Past Particple as the Object Complement
2.to do some excises for consolidation
理解過去分詞概念上的兩層含義
過去分詞表示被動含義和完成含義
1.及物動詞的過去分詞，與句子的主語是被動關(guān)系。表示主語的狀態(tài)，不但表示被動，還表示已完成了
2.不及物動詞的過去分詞，與句子的主語是主動關(guān)系，表示主語的狀態(tài)，只表示動作的完成。
過去分詞的形容詞化
   所謂過去分詞形容詞化，就是說過去分詞具有了形容詞的性質(zhì)，那么過去分詞就能夠在句子中充當(dāng)定語和表語。
一，過去分詞作定語時，常指已完成的動作且與作所修飾詞之間為被動關(guān)系。一般來說，如果是單個的過去分詞，凡放在所修飾詞前，若是一個過去分短語，則放在所修飾詞后。
二.過去分詞作表語時，往往表示一種狀態(tài)，而被動語態(tài)則表示一個動作。
過去分詞做賓語補足語
Past Participle as Object Complement
作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般來自及物動詞，表示被動和完成意義，說明賓語所處的狀態(tài)，一般跟它前面的賓語在邏輯上構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，表被動，其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為：主語+謂語動詞+賓語+過去分詞。一般可帶過去分詞形成賓語補足語的動詞可以分為以下五類。
一 過去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動詞keep,leave等的后面。
They kept the door locked for a long time
他們把門鎖了很長時間
Don't leave the windows broken like this all the time
不要總是讓窗戶這樣壞著
二過去分詞用在感觀動詞watch,notice,see,hear,listen to,feel,find等后面。如
We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops
 我們能聽到雨敲擊窗戶的聲音
The managers disctissed the plan that they would like to see carred out the next year(see the plan carred out)
經(jīng)理們討論過那個他們希望在明年被實施的計劃
三 過去分詞用在get have make 的后面。
1.注意“have+賓語+過去分詞“的兩種情況；
A）表”讓某人做某事讓某事（被人）做“
I have had my bike repaired
我剛剛修好了自行車
B）表“遭遇到某種不增，受到打擊/受......影響，蒙受 ...損失”
I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month
我的錢包上個月在公交車上被偷了
2.“Make+賓語+過去分詞“在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的。如：
They managed to make themselves understood in very sumple English.
他們成功的用簡單的英語是別人理解了他們的話。
四 過去分詞用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望“這一類動詞后面做賓補。如
The boss wouldn't the problem discussed at the moment
老板不希望這個問題現(xiàn)在被討論
五 過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補“這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。如
With many brightly-colored flowers planted around the building. His house looks like a beautiful garden.
由于在建筑周圍種了許多鮮艷的花，他的房子看起來像個花園。
 Exercise
1.You can make yourself_____
pretty well if you keep on speaking the language.
A.understand B.understood
C.understanding D.to understand
2.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see ___the next year.
A.carry out   B.carrying out
C.carried out D.to earry out
3.----I can't see the words on the blackboard.
-----Perhaps you need_____
A.to have you eyes examined
B.to examine your eye
C.to have examined your eyes
D.your eyes to be examined
4.They work up,finding eveything around____
A.chaning B.change
C.changed D.to change

過去分詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，和不定式作賓補的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語：賓語和補語之間是主謂關(guān)系其動作與謂語動作同時進行。
過去分詞作賓補：賓語和補語之間是動賓關(guān)系。其動作先于謂語動作。
不定式（不帶to）作賓補：表一個未完成的動作 或表一個很短時間內(nèi)看到聽到或感覺到的具體動作。
用括號中所給動詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1.Linda found her house_____
when she came back.(break into)
2.The murderer was brought in ,with his hands___behind his back.(tie)
3.Tom,did you see anyone_____
the elassroom?(go out of)
4.One of his teeth aches painfully, so he wants it ____(pull out)
5.At night,I suddenly heard someone___into my bedroom.(walk)
6.This is the first time that I have heard the poem___in English.(speak)
7.On the top of the hill,I could see smoke___from the chimneys in the village.(rise)
8.I was wondering why they kept the door__for such a long time.(lock)
9.The little girl felt someone____her on the shoulder.(pat)
10.My brother had that door___last weeek.(paint)
下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并改正
1.I found the game excited.
2.We usually work only five hours a day,so we have plenty of spare time visit the area and ahve fun.
3.I want to have the flowers deliver to my mother on Mother's Day.
4.Would you like to get the building complete this week?
5.He made his house be decorated by a famous company.
1.They woke up,finding everything around changing.
2.The gate remained locking and we had to wait outside.
3.You'll see many problems to be settled in this way.
4.The murder was brought in ,with his hands being tied behind his back.
5.Boiled water is too hot to drink.
(2010北京，25）I am calling to enquire about the position____in yesterday's China Daily.
A.advertised B to be advertised
C.advertising D.having advertised
(2010遼寧，35）Alexander tried to get his work___in the medical circles.
A.to recognize B recognizing
C.recognize D.recognized