課程內(nèi)容

《Computers （Part 1）》

重點講解

1.common adj.
①普通的；通常的；常見的
Snow is common in cold countries.
在寒冷的國家雪是常見的。

②共有的；共同做的；共同受到的
We share a common purpose.
我們有共同的目標。
He and I have a common interest;we both collect stamps.
我和他有共同的愛好，我們都集郵。

③一般的；平常的
The common people老百姓

拓展：
in common (with)（和……）一樣
have nothing in common無共同之處
have little in common幾乎無共同之處
have something in common有一些共同之處
have a lot in common有許多共同之處

2.work out
①—How much do I owe you?—I haven't worked it out yet.
我欠你多少錢？ 我還沒有算出來呢。
②We must work out a way to have a cheap holiday.
我們得想出個省錢度假的辦法。
③The must work out a plan as quickly as possible.
他們必須盡快制訂出一個計劃來。
④The famous actor keeps fit by working out for an hour every morning .
這位著名的演員通過每天早晨鍛煉一小時來健身。
⑤Try not to worry.I'm sure everything will work out in the end.
不用擔心，最終一切都會變好的。
⑥Everything has worked out according to the plan.
一切都依計劃進行。

用法歸納
work out有如下意思：
①.（根據(jù)推理或計算）得出；算出（n./wh-從句）
②.想出；制定出；產(chǎn)生（n./wh-從句）
③.鍛煉；訓練（非正式用語）
④.有好結果；進行情況良好
⑤.（情況等的）發(fā)展，進行

3.compare的用法
①.vt.比較：對照。著重人與人或事物與事物之間的異同，常和介詞with連用。
If you compare both of our cars,you will find them very much alike.
如果你對比我們的兩輛汽車，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們非常相似。
He began comparing himself with the other teammates and found he didn't practice as hard as them.
他開始將自己和其他的隊員們比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)不如他們訓練得認真。
②.vt.比喻為；比作。指出兩個事物之間的關系或相似之處，常與介詞to連用。
Young people are compared to the sun at eight or nine in the morning.
年輕人常常被比作早晨八、九點鐘的太陽。
③.vi.與……相比/匹敵。后接介詞with。
No one can compare with Shakespeare as a writer of tragedies.
作為悲劇作家，沒有人能同莎士比亞相比。

原句回放1：
I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.
1642年我在法國誕生時不過是一臺計算機器。
句子中的calculating是動名詞作定語的用法，動名詞作定語一般表示用途，例如：
a walking stick拐杖
a swimming pool游泳池
a washing machine洗衣機
注意動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的不同，現(xiàn)在分詞作定語往往表示動作或特征，例如：
a sleeping boy一個正在睡覺的男孩
exciting news令人激動的消息

原句回放2：
Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.
雖然我問世時間不長，但我能使復雜的計算簡單化。

Ⅰ.相同點：①在although和though引導的讓步狀語從句中，主句里不可用but，若要強調(diào)前后兩部分的對比意義，可在主句前加yet或still。
e.g.Although/Though he has a lot of money,yet/still he is unhappy.
他雖然有很多錢，但并不幸福。
②although和though引導讓步狀語從句時，常采用省略形式。
e.g.Although tired(=Although he was tired),he kept on working.
雖然很疲勞，但他繼續(xù)工作。
The problem,though complicated(=though it is complicated),can be solved without much difficulty.

Ⅱ.不同點：although和though同義，在一般情況下，可以互換使用。只是though較普遍，常用于非正式的口語或書面語中，而although則較為正式，另外although語氣比though重，常用以強調(diào)讓步概念
e.g.Though/Although my car is very old,I don't want to buy a new one.
雖然我的汽車很舊，但我不想買一輛新的。
He insisted on doing it although I warned him not to.
雖然我警告他不要做，但他仍然堅持要做。

Ⅲ.當讓步狀語從句指某種假設情況時，
通常用though,而不用although。
e.g.Though all the world were against me,I should still hold to my opinion.
就算全世界都反對我，我還是堅持我的立場。

Ⅳ.①.though可以獨立用作副詞，常放在句末，
意為all the same(還是；仍然)或however（可是；然而），而although無此用法。
e.g.She didn't tell me what she had done,but I know it,though.
她沒有告訴我她所做的事情，但我還是知道了。
It's hard work.I enjoy it,though.
工作很苦，可是我喜歡。
②.though引導讓步狀語從句時可以倒裝，而although從句則不能。
e.g.Bravely though they fought,they had no chance of winning.
雖然他們打得很勇敢，但還是沒有機會獲勝。

原句回放3：
At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”.
當時，人們把這看成是一場技術革命和人工智能的開端。
1）technological revolution意為“技術革命”
2）artificial intelligence意為“人工智能”
3）artificial adj.人造的；假設的；矯揉造作的
The room was decorated with artificial flower.
房間是用人造花裝飾的。
4）inteligence n.智力；聰明；智能
He's a man of very high intelligence.
他是個非常聰明的人。

原句回放4：
In 1936 my real father,Alan Turing,wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem.
在1936年，我真正的父親，艾倫圖靈寫了一本書，講述了怎樣能使我成為一臺“通用機器”來解決任何難以解決的數(shù)學問題。
句子中的how I could be made to work as a “universal machine”to solve any difficult mathematical problem是介詞about的賓語從句

原句回放5：
By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room.
到了20世紀40年代的時候，我已經(jīng)大得像間房子。
1）the 1940s意為“20世紀40年代”
注意：定冠詞the不可以省掉。另外，表示年代的s也必須帶上。
2）by the 1940s常常和過去完成時連用。

原句回放6：
As time went by,I was made smaller.
在本句中，as用作連詞，引導時間狀語從句，表示“隨著…”，
表示“隨著……”時，也可以用with，但with是介詞，后面一般不接句子。